Modulating anxiety with extrasynaptic inhibition

............................................................................................ 13 Introduction...................................................................................... 15 Fear and Anxiety............................................................................... 18 Models............................................................................................. 20 Fear models.................................................................................. 20 Anxiety models.............................................................................. 21 Role of inhibition in fear and anxiety.................................................... 23 Phasic inhibition........................................................................... 24 Tonic inhibition............................................................................ 25 GABAA receptor trafficking.............................................................. 28 Brain structures involved in fear and anxiety.......................................... 31 Amygdala..................................................................................... 31 General structure......................................................................... 32 Basolateral amygdala..................................................................... 33 Central amygdala......................................................................... 34 Microcircuitry........................................................................... 36 Plasticity................................................................................. 38 Aim of the study................................................................................ 41 Material and Methods........................................................................ 43 Animals........................................................................................... 45 Slice electrophysiology........................................................................ 45 Morphological reconstruction.............................................................. 46 Combined single unit recording and in vivo pharmacology........................ 46 Behavior.......................................................................................... 48